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澳大利亚元(Australian Dollar　原符号：＄A.　标准符号：AUD）

　　澳元是澳大利亚联邦的法定货币，由澳大利亚储备银行负责发行。

　　1966年2月14日，澳大利亚发行了现行流通的货币澳大利亚元，以取代先前流通的旧市澳大利亚镑，并规定1澳元等于1．12美元，可兑换0．5个澳镑。1971年8 月15日美元实行浮动汇率后，澳元于当月23日开始与英镑挂钩，12月22日美元贬值，澳大利亚宣布澳元的含金量不变（即0．99531克），对美元的官方汇率上升为 1．216美元，且波幅为2．25％。1972年6月23日，随着英镑区的解体，澳元因此享受的优惠也就宣告结束。

　　1974年9月25日，澳大利亚重新实施有效汇率制，且澳元不再钉住美元，改为澳大利亚主要贸易伙伴国20种货币一揽子加权货币联系，并实行管理浮动汇率制度。1976年11月29日，澳元有效汇率贬值17．5％。

　　1983年12月12日，澳大利亚取消了澳元盯住一揽子贸易加权货币的有效管理浮动汇率，而实行自由浮动，澳大利亚也因此取消所有外汇管制。目前，澳大利亚元已成为国际金融市场重要的硬通货和投资工具之一。

　　目前流通的纸币有：5、10、20、50、100元面额

　　铸币有：1、2、5、10、20、50分和1、2澳元

　　1澳元等于100分（Cents）

The history of the currency of Australia

Australia adopted the British pound as its currency during the 1800’s, and the government allowed private banks to issue their own notes denominated in pounds. The Australian pound officially became the national currency in 1909 and was issued at par with the British Pound. The Australian pound, like its British counterpart was divisible into 240 pence or 20 shillings, with one shilling being equal to twelve pence. Australian pound banknotes were originally issued by the Commonwealth Treasury in 1910, and in 1920 the Commonwealth Bank of Australia took over all note issuing responsibilities from the Treasury. In 1960 the Reserve Bank of Australia was formed and has issued all Australian banknotes since.

In 1966 Australia replaced its pound with the Australian dollar, with 2 dollars being equal to one pound. The Australian dollar is made up of 100 cents, and its ISO 4217 code is AUD. Currently Australia uses coins in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50 cents and one and two dollars. The issue of one and two cent coins was discontinued and all prices are currently rounded to the nearest five cents. Banknotes are issued in denominations of $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100. About 20 years ago Australia’s banknote printer developed a special plastic polymer for printing banknotes on, and all of Australia’s banknotes are currently printed on this polymer which has added significant longevity to the life its banknotes. Several other countries use polymer banknotes as well.

澳大利亚元铸币